Adam and Eve. Roman catacombs.
Whether in painting as in sculpture, the valuation of the primitive Christians is directed to the meaning of representations rather than the aesthetics of them. The symbolic nature is imposed on the formal beauty. The repertoire of pictorial representations is basically in the catacombs, decorating its walls.
The topics are very varied. Many animals are loaded with Christian symbolism, dove, deer, pavorreal, acrostic or signs with a major theological significance. Among them Crismon, monogram formed by the first two Greek letters of the name of Christ, XR, with the alpha 'and omega', first and last letters of the Greek alphabet, signifying the beginning and end. These letters are used to add the cross and all that was enclosed in a circle. In this sign there is a cosmological symbolism, the sun wheel, with the idea of Christ. The combination of the circle, with the monogram and the cross represents Christ as a synthesis of the spiritual world, as the light that illuminates the darkness of the Greco-Roman paganism successful. Constantine and the use in their banners, in Labaro constantineano as a sign of victory.
Paleochristian the image to "Good Shepherd" (S. IV).
In iconography Paleochristian pagans are other issues such as Orpheus, now transformed into Christ, or the theme of the "Good Shepherd", variant of Greek Moscoforo.
In sculpture, his best showing is in the reliefs of the sarcophagus. The themes represented on the stage of persecution were the geometric, zoomorphic and astral with sinuous moldings and concave (estrigilos).
After the year 313 items listed are the most frequent, based on Roman models, in front of the sarcophagus reliefs appear, if at first follow the classical aesthetics, as in the sarcophagus of Probus, then how stereotype diagrams and drawings figures of equal size, embedded in the spaces that determines a structure of arches that unify the scene.
The topics of the sarcophagus cover the life of Christ and scenes from the Old Testament (Daniel among the lions, sacrifice of Abraham, Adam and Eve, etc.).. Among the sarcophagi is the most important of June Basso, in the Vatican or the dogmatism of the Trinity or in the Lateran Museum.
Arbres sarcophagus.
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